Resumo

KHAN, K. I. et al. Effects of STAT5B and BMPR-1B genes on growth and production traits in Red Jungle Fowl, Fayoumi, Hilly chickens, and their crossbreeds. S. Afr. j. anim. sci. [online]. 2024, vol.54, n.5, pp.660-672. ISSN 2221-4062.  https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v54i5.12.

This study explored the genome sequence, genetic diversity, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the STAT5B and BMPR-1B genes, and their association across Red Jungle Fowl (RJF), Fayoumi (Fay), and Hilly chickens, as well as in Hilly Reddish Brown (RB) × Fay crossbreed chickens. A cohort comprising 40 cocks and 320 hens of each chicken genotype (except for RJF, where 4 cocks and 12 hens were utilized), was raised from day-old to 1-y of age. Genotyping of 30 chickens of each population except RJF for SNPs was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, with genotype frequencies compared using the chi-square test. Marker-trait association analyses were carried out using estimated breeding values. Genetic flow among breeds and diversity was assessed using molecular co-ancestry and polymorphic information criteria. The AG genotype predominated over GG and AA genotypes in the STAT5B gene, whereas heterozygote genotype frequency exceeded homozygote genotype frequency in the BMPR-IB gene. Recessive gene frequencies surpassed dominant gene frequencies. Chi-square tests confirmed Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for all genotypes. Mutations were detected in Hilly genotypes, with polymorphic information criteria values of 0.27-0.37 for STAT5B and 0.34-0.39 for BMPR-1B. The SNP marker of BMPR-1B was associated with mature live weight but not egg production. Phylogenetic trees of both genes indicated that the genetic distance among the genotypes was close. These findings suggest a shared ancestry among the studied chickens, with the STAT5B SNP emerging as a potential genetic marker for enhancing productive traits.

Palavras-chave : native chicken; diversity; marker-assisted selection; BMPR-1B; STAT5B; traits.

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