ERASMUS, Nicolette. Slaves of the state - medical internship and community service in South Africa. SAMJ, S. Afr. med. j. [online].
2012,
vol.102, n.8, pp. 655-658.
ISSN 0256-9574.
|
|
2. Adminuser. Medunsa on its last legs? Medical Chronicle, 4 April 2011. www.medicalchronicle.co.za/ medunsa-on-its-last-legs (accessed 13 May 2012). [ Links ] 3. Jika T. Limpopo hospitals teeter as shock report reveals state of collapse. Media24 Investigations, 17 February 2012. http://www.m24i.co.za/2012/02/17/limpopo-hospitals-teeter-as-shock-report-reveals-state-of-collapse (accessed 27 April 2012). [ Links ] 4. October MJ. Nursing agencies in the spotlight. The nature and health system consequences of casualization. Nursing agencies and moonlighting in South Africa. December 2010. http://www.medinurse.co.za/IndustryRelatedInfo/ANASA%20News%20Flash%208%20Nursing%20Agencies%20 Research%20Report.pdf (accessed 1 May 2012). [ Links ] 5. Mlalandle v Road Accident Fund (1496/2007) [2010] ZAECGHC 124. http://www.saflii.org/za/cases/ZAECGHC/2010/124.html (accessed 3 May 2012). [ Links ] 6. HRH Strategy for the Health Sector: 2012/13-2016/17, 20 January 2012 V3 at para 2.2.2 p. 44. http:// www.doh.gov.za/docs/stratdocs/2012/hrhstrat.pdf (accessed 3 May 2012) [ Links ] 7. Section 61(e) Health Professions Act 56 of 1974, read with the HPCSA's Medical and Dental Professions Board training guidelines. HPCSA Newsletter for the Medical and Dental Professions Board, September/October 2007. http://www.hpcsa.co.za/downloads/press_releases/medic_dent.pdf (accessed 3 May 2012). [ Links ] 8. Rural Health Advocacy Project (RHAP). Rural-proofing the commuted overtime policy for medical practitioners. January 2012. http://www.rhap.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/RHAP_RuDASA_Rural-Proofing_the_OvertimePolicy_January-2012.pdf (accessed 25 April 2012). [ Links ] 9. Internship in Mzansi. A handbook of internship brought to you by JUDASA (Junior Doctors Association of South Africa), an interest group of SAMA (South African Medical Association). 29 October 2010. http://www.judasa.org (accessed 29 April 2012). [ Links ] 10. Mars M. 21.Telemedicine in South Africa. IDRC Archives Canada. http://web.idrc.ca/en/ev-137471-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html (accessed 29 April 2012). [ Links ] 11. Pillay R. Work satisfaction of professional nurses in South Africa: a comparative analysis of the public and private sectors. Human Resources for Health 2009;7:15. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1478-4491-7-15] [ Links ] 12. Article 2(1) Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29). http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?C029 (accessed 21 June 2012) [ Links ] 13. Sections 9, 11, 12 and 13 of the Bill of Rights in the Constitution of South Africa, 1996. [ Links ] 17. Inclusive Flexible Remuneration Package System (Dispensation) for Members of the Senior Management Service (SMS) on Levels 13 to 16: Annexure D to DPSA Circular 2 of 2008, para. 11. http://www.joasa.org.za/aricles/Ann%20D%20-%20SMS%20Disp%20wef%201%20Se_.pdf (accessed 3 May 2012). [ Links ] 20. Kosheva and Others v Gauteng Department of Health and Others (JR 2328/05) [2007] ZALC 65 (19 September 2007). http://www.saflii.org/za/cases/ZALC/2007/65.html (accessed 25 April 2012). [ Links ] 21. De Vries E, Irlam J, Couper I, et al. Career plans of final-year medical students in South Africa. S Afr Med J 2010;100(4):227-228. [ Links ] 22. Ditlopo P, Blaauw D, Bidwell P, Thomas S. Analyzing the implementation of the rural allowance in hospitals in North West Province, South Africa. J Public Health Policy 2011;32(Suppl 1):S80-93. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jphp.2011.28] [ Links ] 23. Hudson M. Where did all the doctors go? Health24, June 2011. http://www.health24.com/news/Health_care/1-918,63541.asp (accessed 11 May 2012). [ Links ] 24. Pilcher JJ. Huffcutt AI. Effects of sleep deprivation on performance: A meta-analysis. Sleep 1996;19(4):318-326. [ Links ] 25. Lockley SW, Cronin JW, Evans EE, et al Effect of reducing interns' weekly work hours on sleep and attentional failures. N Engl J Med 2004;351(18):1829-1837. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa041404] [ Links ] 26. Zohar D, Tzischinsky O, Epstein R, et al The effects of sleep loss on medical residents' emotional reactions to work events: a cognitive-energy model. Sleep 2005;28(1):47-54. [ Links ] 27. Venkatraman V, Huettel SA, Chuah LY, et al. Sleep deprivation biases the neural mechanisms underlying economic preferences. J Neurosci 2011;31(10):3712-3718. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4407-10.2011] [ Links ] 28. Rose M, Manser T, Ware JC. Effects of call on sleep and mood in internal medicine residents. Behav Sleep Med 2008;6(2):75-88. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15402000801952914] [ Links ] 29. Fruchtman Y, Moser AM, Perry ZH. Fatigue in medical residents - lessons to be learned. Med Lav 2011;102(5):455-463. [ Links ] 30. Post by: ingwe on 25 May 2009. www.theswitchboard.net/index.php?topic=19348.5;wap2 (accessed 28 April 2012). [ Links ] 31. Dyer I. Preventing the ITU syndrome or how not to torture an ITU patient! Part I. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing 1995;11(3):130-139. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0964-3397(95)80618-0] [ Links ] 32. UN General Assembly. Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. 10 December 1984. United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1465, p. 85. http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/3ae6b3a94.html (accessed 30 April 2012). [ Links ] 33. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, 17 July 1998. http://untreaty.un.org/cod/icc/index.html (accessed 21 June 2012). [ Links ] 35. UN Committee against Torture (CAT), General Comment No. 2: Implementation of Article 2 by States Parties. 24 January 2008, CAT/C/GC/2. http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/47ac78ce2.html (accessed 30 April 2012). [ Links ] 36. International Labour Conference 93rd Session Report of the Director-General A global alliance against forced labour' Global Report under the Follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work (2005), para 35. www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed.../wcms_081882.pdf (accessed 2 May 2012). [ Links ] 37. International Trade Union Confederation 'Mini action guide ituc. 2008. http://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/guide_forced_labour_EN.pdf (accessed 10 April 2012). [ Links ] 38. Bateman C. No quotas please, we're new South Africans! S Afr Med J 2007;97(5):322,324,326. [ Links ] 39. Public Service Review Report. Basic Conditions of Employment Act implementation. Public Service6 Administration. Date of Meeting: 24 May 2000, Minutes, Appendix 1. http://www.pmg.org.za/minutes/20000523-public-service-review-report-basic-conditions-employment-act-implementation (accessed 25 April 2012). [ Links ] 40. Essa ZI, Jithoo V Post-medical interns' reflections on medical internships in South African state training hospitals. MA Research Report, School of Human and Community Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, April 2010. http://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/handle/10539/9209 (accessed 3 May 2012). [ Links ] 41. Dlamini N. Nine doctors nabbed as Health department acts on overtime system abuse. 2012/02/27 Gauteng Online Home > News. http://www.gautengonline.gov.za/News/Pages/NinedoctorsnabbedasHealthdepartmentactsonovertimesystemabuse.aspx (accessed 11 May 2012). [ Links ] 42. Media Statement. HPCSA embarks on health and human rights awareness campaign.19 March 2012. http://www.hpcsa.co.za (accessed 11 May 2012). [ Links ] 43. Reynolds L. Overtime contracts and salaries: a personal view. Critical Health Perspectives 2005; No. 2. http://www.phmovement.org/files/CHP_2005_No2_-_Overtime_contracts__salaries.pdf (accessed 29 April 2012). [ Links ] 44. Yeni A. South Africa: Doctors still getting short end of the stick. Health-e (Cape Town). 2 July 2010. http://www.health-e.org.za/news/article.php?uid=20032851 (accessed 14 May 2012). [ Links ] 45. Article 1. Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105). http://www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?C105 (accessed 21 June 2012). [ Links ] 46. Thom A. Bara crisis as newborns die.10.02.2012 health-e. http://www.health-e.org.za/news/article.php?uid=20033414 (accessed 13 May 2012). [ Links ] 47. Adminuser. DoH urged to abolish RWOPS policy. Medical Chronicle, News, 20 July 2011.http://www.medicalchronicle.co.za/doh-urged-to-abolish-rwops-policy/ (accessed 25 April 2012). [ Links ] 48. cf. Department of Tourism, Environment and Conservation 'Policy on Working Hours and Overtime Human Resources Management'. 1 December 2008. www.northern-cape.gov.za/index (accessed 3 May 2012). [ Links ] 49. Iglehart JK. Revisiting duty-hour limits - IOM Recommendations for Patient Safety and Resident Education. N Engl J Med 2008;359(25):2633-2635. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp0808736] [ Links ] 50. Nasca TJ, Day SH, Amis ES Jr, et al. The new recommendations on duty hours from the ACGME Task Force. N Engl J Med 2010;363(2):e3. Epub 2010 Jun 23. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsb1005800] [ Links ] 51. R178 Night Work Recommendation.1990. www.ilo.org/ilolex/cgi-lex/convde.pl?R178 (accessed 11 May 2012). [ Links ] 52. Child K. Health minister promises more doctors and nurses. Mail & Guardian, 11 October 2011. http://mg.co.za/article/2011-10-11-health-minister-promises-more-doctors-and-nurses/ (accessed 25 April 2012). [ Links ] 53. Chapter 10. Promoting Health National Planning Commission. National Development Plan. 11 November 2011. www.npconline.co.za (accessed 29 April 2012). [ Links ] 54. ILO Online reports from Johannesburg, South Africa. Empowering South Africans with decent work. 7 October 2011. http://www.ilo.org/global/meetings-and-events/regional-meetings/africa/arm-12/WCMS_164682/lang--en/index.htm (accessed 11 May 2012). [ Links ] |
