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South African Journal of Occupational Therapy

versión On-line ISSN 2310-3833
versión impresa ISSN 0038-2337

S. Afr. j. occup. ther. vol.41 no.1 Pretoria  2011

 

GUEST EDITORIAL

 

Research ethics guidelines and occupational therapy: Can we risk thinking they do not apply to us (or the populations we study)?

 

 

Matty van Niekerk

B.Proc (UFS) B.Arb (UP), Dip Voc Rehab (UP). Lecturer in Adult Psychiatry, Dept of Occupational Therapy, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand (Currently completing MSc Med (Bioethics & Health Law) at the University of the Witwatersrand)

 

 

“Full text available only in PDF format”

 

 

References

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2. Childress, J. F Nuremberg's legacy: some ethical reflections.         [ Links ] [Electronic] [Cited 20 July 2010]. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine. 2000; 43(3): 347-361. Available at: http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/perspectives_in_biology_and_medicine/v043/43.3childress.pdf

3. Dhai, A. and McQuoid-Mason, D. J. What is the function of research ethics committees (RECs)? [Online journal] [Cited 2 August 2010].         [ Links ] South African Journal of Bioethics and Law. 2010; 3(1): 2-3. Available at: http://sajbl.org.za/index.php/sajbl/article/viewFile/l08/63

4. Katz, J. Human Sacrifice and Human Experimentation: Reflections at Nuremberg.         [ Links ] [Electronic] [Cited 2 August 2010] Yale Journal of International Law. 1997; 22: 40 1-418. Available at: http://heinonline.org/HOL/PDF?handle=hein.journals/yjil22&collection=journals&s ection=l7&id=4ll&print=section&sectioncount=l&ext=.pdf

5. Childress, J. F. Nuremberg's legacy: some ethical reflections.         [ Links ] [Electronic] [Cited 20 July 2010]. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine. 2000; 43(3): 350. Available at: http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/perspectives_in_biology_and_medicine/v043/43.3childress.pdf

6. Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences in collaboration with the World Health Organisation. International ethical guidelines for biomedical research involving human subjects. Geneva. 2002.         [ Links ] [Electronic] [Cited 4 March 2011]. Available at http://www.cioms.ch/publications/layout_guide2002.pdf

7. Beauchamp, T. L. and Childress, J. F Principles of biomedical ethics. New York and International: Oxford University Press. 1994. p. 120-121.         [ Links ]

8. World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki - Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. 2008.         [ Links ] [Electronic] [Cited 3 March 2011] Available at: http://www.wma.net/en/30publications/l0policies/b3/l7c.pdf

9. Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health: Ethics Advisory Committee. 2000. Guidelines for the ethical conduct of medical research involving children. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 82: 77 - 182.         [ Links ]

10. Medical Research Council of South Africa. Booklet 1: Guidelines on ethics for medical research: General principles. 2002.         [ Links ] [Electronic] [Cited 2l March 2010]. Available from http://www.sahealthinfo.org/ethics/ethicsbookl.pdf

11. South African Department of Health. Ethics in Health Research: Principles, structures and processes Section 5. 2002.         [ Links ] [Electronic] [Cited 21 March 2010]. Available from http://www.doh.gov.za/docs/factsheets/guidelines/ethnics/sec5.pdf

12. National Health Act 61 of 2003.         [ Links ]

13. The Constitution of South Africa. Act 108 of 1996.         [ Links ]

14. Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences in collaboration with the World Health Organisation. International ethical guidelines for biomedical research involving human subjects. Geneva. 2002.         [ Links ] [Electronic] [Cited 4 March 2011] pp. 12-13. Available at http://www.cioms.ch/publications/layout_guide2002.pdf

15. World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. 2008.         [ Links ] [Electronic] [Cited 3 March 2011] p. 3. Available at: http://www.wma.net/en/30publicatons/l0policies/b3/l7c.pdf

16. Beecher, H. K. Ethics and clinical research. New England Journal of Medicine, 1966; 274(20): 1354-1360. Reprinted in Bulletin of the World Health Organization.         [ Links ] [Electronic] [Cited 3 August 2010]. 2001; 79(4) p. 367-372. Available at: http://www.scielosp.org/pdf/bwho/v79n4/v79n4al3.pdf

 

 

a It is preferred to refer to humans who participate in research as research participants, since it implies that they provided informed consent and that their human rights are honoured by the researchers. In this paper, the term research subject will be used in reference to examples of research where the humans who were being studied either did not consent to participating in the research or their consent was based on inaccurate or inadequate information.
b Section 10 of the Constitution.
c Section l2(l)(c) of the Constitution.
d Section l2(l)(d) of the Constitution.
e Section l2(2)(b) of the Constitution.
f Section l2(2)(d) of the Constitution.
g Section l4 of the Constitution.
h This right relates to adults, as children have the right to basic healthcare services (s28(l)(c) of the Constitution)
i Section 27(l)(a) of the Constitution.
j It should be noted that Beauchamp and Childress describe non-maleficence as a fourth ethical principle.

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