ORIGINAL RESEARCH

 

Die messiaanse interpretasie van die psalms in enkele Antiocheense en Oos-Siriese psalmkommentare

 

The messianic interpretation of the psalms in a number of Antiochene and East Syriac psalm commentaries

 

 

H.F. van Rooy

Eenheid vir Reformatoriese Teologie, Potchefstroomkampus. Noordwes-Universiteit. Potchefstroom. E-pos: herrie.vanrooy@nwu.ac.za

 

 

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OPSOMMING

Die Antiocheense eksegete het die psalms geïnterpreteer teen die agtergrond van die geskiedenis van Israel. Hulle het vir elke psalm 'n historiese agtergrond gerekonstrueer. Dit was in reaksie op die allegoriese interpretasie van die Aleksandrynse skool, wat die psalms allegories verklaar het en dikwels 'n Nuwe-Testamentiese interpretasie in die psalms ingelees het. Hierdie artikel let op die messiaanse interpretasie van twee psalms, naamlik Psalm 2 en 110, asook op een psalm wat dik-wels messiaans geïnterpreteer is, maar waar die messiaanse interpretasie deur die Antiocheense eksegete verwerp is, naamlik Psalm 22. Die interpretasie van die psalms in die kommentare van Diodorus van Tarsus, Theodorus van Mopsuestia en Isô dâdh van Merv word bestudeer, sowel as die kommentaar van Denha-Gregorius, 'n verkorte Siriese weergawe van die kommentaar van Theodorus. Die kommentaar van Diodorus en Theodorus op Psalm 110 is egter nie meer beskikbaar nie. Die interpretasie van hierdie psalm word bespreek aan die hand van die Siriese kommentaar deur Vandenhoff en in die kommentaar van Isô dâdh van Merv, wat albei by die Antiocheense tradisie aangesluit het. Die historiese plasing van die verskillende psalms word in die kommentare as 'n hermeneutiese sleutel hanteer, vir sowel die messiaanse psalms as die nie-messiaanse psalms. Al die besonderhede van die psalms word deur middel van hierdie sleutel verklaar. Theodorus het ten nouste by Diodorus aangesluit en op sy werk uitgebrei. Denha-Gregorius is 'n verkorte weergawe van Theodorus, aangevul met gegewens vanuit 'n Siriese hoek. Isô dâdh van Merv het Theodorus as sy vernaamste bron gebruik, maar ook vanuit 'n Siriese hoek aangevul.

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ABSTRACT

The Antiochene exegetes interpreted the psalms against the backdrop of the history of Israel. They reconstructed a historical setting for each psalm. They reacted against the allegorical interpretation of the Alexandrian School that frequently interpreted the psalms from the context of the New Testament. This article investigates the messianic interpretation of Psalms 2 and 110, as well as the interpretation of Psalm 22, frequently regarded as messianic in non-Antiochene circles. The interpretation of these psalms in the commentaries of Diodore of Tarsus, Theodore of Mopsuestia and Isô dâdh of Merv will be discussed, as well as the commentary of Denha-Gregorius, an abbreviated Syriac version of the commentary of Theodore. The commentaries of Diodore and Theodore on Psalm 110 are not available. The interpretation of this psalm in the Syriac commentary discussed by Vandenhoff and the commentary of Isô dâdh of Merv, both following Antiochene exegesis, will be used for this psalm. The historical setting of the psalms is used as hermeneutical key for the interpretation of all these psalms. All the detail in a psalm is interpreted against this background, whether messianic or not. Theodore followed Diodore and expanded on him. Denha-Gregorius is an abbreviated version of Theodore, supplemented with data from the Syriac. Isô dâdh of Merv used Theodore as his primary source, but with the same kind of supplementary data from the Syriac.

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Geraadpleegde bronne

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