GENERAL ARTICLE

 

Quantifying suppliers' product quality: An exploratory product audit method

 

 

S. Avakh Darestani^I; M.Y. Ismail^II; N. Ismail^III; R.M. Yusuff^IV

^IDepartment of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia soroushavakh@yahoo.com
^IIDepartment of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP), Malaysia mdyusof@ump.edu.my
^IIIDepartment of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia napsiah@eng.upm.edu.my
^IVDepartment of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Malaysia rosnah@eng.upm.edu.my

 

 

---

ABSTRACT

The quality of the raw material and supplied product from suppliers plays a critical role in the quality of the final product. It has become the norm that vehicle manufacturers require their suppliers to measure product quality and service with a product audit method. Measuring quality of product is emphasised by QS9000 VDA6.5 and ISO/TS16949. From a competitive standpoint, and also to see continuous improvement in business, companies need to monitor their suppliers' performance. Quality and delivery are two very important indicators of supplier performance. This paper presents a statistical method for measuring the quality of supplied product. This method allocates different weights to variables and attributes characteristics. Moreover, following normal distribution, the tolerance zone is divided to three regions with different scores. Therefore, the quality of suppliers' products can be monitored based on the Product Quality Audit Score (PQAS). However, this method may be employed for organisations to monitor their raw material, work-in-process parts, and final product. It can be an indicator to monitor supplier quality behaviour.

---

OPSOMMING

Die gehalte van grondstowwe en produkte/komponente wat deur leweransiers verskaf word, speel 'n kritiese rol in die gehalte van die finale produk. Dit het die norm geword in die motorvervaardigingsbedryf dat daar van leweransiers verwag word om hulle produkkwaliteit en -diens te meet by wyse van 'n produkouditmetode. Die meting van produkkwaliteit word benadruk deur QS9000 VDA6.5 en ISO/TS16949. Uit 'n mededingingshoek en ook om kontinue verbetering te monitor, is dit noodsaaklik dat leweransiers se verrigting gemeet word. Gehalte en aflewering is twee van die belangrikste indikatore van leweransiersverrigting. In hierdie artikel word 'n statistiese model voorgehou vir die meting van die kwaliteit van die gelewerde produk. Die metode ken verskillende gewigte toe aan die veranderlikes en attribute. Daarbenewens, volgens die normaalverdeling, word die toleransiesone verdeel in drie areas met verskillende tellings. Gevolglik kan die kwaliteit van die leweransiers se produkte gemonitor word aan die hand van die produkgehalte-oudittelling ("product quality audit score - PQAS").

---

 

 

“Full text available only in PDF format”

 

 

REFERENCES

[1] Dunk, A.S. 2002. Product quality environmental accounting and quality performance. Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal, 15(5), pp. 719-732.         [ Links ]

[2] Neely, A., Gregory, M. & and Platts, K. 1995. Performance measurement design. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 15(4): pp. 80-116.         [ Links ]

[3] ISO. 2000. ISO 9001:2000 (3^rd ed.): International Organization for Standardization.         [ Links ]

[4] Altekar, R.V. 2005. Supply chain management. New Dehli: Prentice Hall of India.         [ Links ]

[5] Avakh Darestani, S., Ismail, M.Y. & Ismail, N.B. 2010. An investigation on supplier delivery performance by using SPC techniques for automotive industry. The Journal of American Science, 6(4), pp. 5-11.         [ Links ]

[6] PSA PEUGEOT CITROEN. 2006. Supplier quality management principles. Retrieved December 2006 from http://gelisim.org/makaleler/musteri/PSA.pdf        [ Links ]

[7] BMW. 2008. Supplied part quality management. Retrieved August 2009 from https://b2bpapp6.bmw.com/public/en/gdz/logistik/ersatzteile/qualitaet/ handbuch_qm_kaufteile/Supplied_Parts_Quality_Management.pdf        [ Links ]

[8] Paula, C.S. 2009. How to become a supplier. Retrieved August 2009 from http://www.hondasupplyteam.com/j_pstat/html/honda_howto_supplier.htm        [ Links ]

[9] ISO. 2002. Quality management system-particular requirement for the application of ISO 9001:2000 for automotive production and relevant service part Organizations (2^nd ed.). ISO Copyright Office.         [ Links ]

[10] Willborn, W. 2002. Self-audit of process performance. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 19(1), pp. 24-45.         [ Links ]

[11] AIAG. 1998. ISO 8402:1994, Quality management and quality assurance (Quality System Requirements QS9000. ISO.         [ Links ]

[12] Sower, V.E., Savoie, M.J. & Renick, S. 1999. An introduction to quality management and engineering. Prentice Hall.         [ Links ]

[13] Tunner, J.R. 1990. A quality technology primer for managers., Milwaukee, WI: ASQC Quality Press.         [ Links ]

[14] Dereli, T. & Baykasoglu. 2007. Fuzzy quality team information for value added auditing: A case study. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 24, pp. 366-394.         [ Links ]

[15] Das, S.G. 2003. Intelligent team formation for companies applying quality certification. University of Gaziantep.         [ Links ]

[16] Dereli, T., Baykasoglu, A. & Gorur, G. 2004. On the quality auditing and its computerization, in International Symposium on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems. Sakaraya University,Turkey.         [ Links ]

[17] Karapetrovic, S. and Willborn, W. 2000. Quality assurance and effectiveness of audit systems. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 17(6), pp. 679-703.         [ Links ]

[18] Rajendran, M. 2005. Quality audits: Their status, prowess and future focus. Managerial Auditing Journal, 20(4), pp. 364-382.         [ Links ]

[19] Juran, J.M., Godfrey, A.B., Hoogstoel, R.E. & Schilling, E.G. 2000. Jourans quality handbook (5^th ed.). Singapore: McGraw-Hill.         [ Links ]

[20] Healy, S., Wallace, M. & Murphy, E. 2008. Review of test methods for zero PPM performance. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 25(7), pp. 757-771.         [ Links ]

[21] Johnson, D. 2002. Empirical study of second-tier automotive suppliers achieving QS-9000. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 22(8), pp. 902-928.         [ Links ]

[22] Scallan, P. 2003. Process planning (1^st ed.). Chennai, India: Butterworth Heinemann.         [ Links ]

[23] Banks, J. 1989. Principles of quality control (1^st ed.). Canada: John Wiley & Sons Inc.         [ Links ]

[24] Montgomery, D.C. 1991. Introduction to statistical quality control (2^nd ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons.         [ Links ]

[25] Kenett, R.S. & Zacks, S. 1998. Modern industrial statistics design and control of quality and reliability (1^st ed.). California: Duxbury Press.         [ Links ]

[26] Cooper, M. 1995. A study of the quality of open learning materials supplied to the engineering industry. Journal of European Industrial Training, 19(2), pp. 20-25.         [ Links ]

[27] Shin, H., Benton, W.C. & Jun, M. 2009. Quantifying suppliers' product quality and delivery performance: A sourcing policy decision model. Computers & Operations Research, 36, pp. 2462-2471.         [ Links ]

[28] Sapco and RGSco. 2003. Quality monitoring by the supplier SQFE (S.-R. CO, Trans. 2^nd ed.). Tehran: Ravaghmehr.         [ Links ]

[29] Devore, J.L. 2008. Probability and statistics for engineering and the sciences (7^th ed.). Belmont, CA: Thomson.         [ Links ]

[30] Montgomery, D.C., Runger, G.C. & Hubele, N.F. 2007. Engineering statistics (4^th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.         [ Links ]

[31] Wu, C.-W., Pearn, W.L. & Kotz, S. 2009. An overview of theory and practice on process capability indices for quality assurance. International Journal of Production Economies, 117, pp. 338-359. 160        [ Links ]

 

 

* Corresponding author.
1 The author is a PhD (Industrial and Systems Engineering) candidate in the Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM).