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Verbum et Ecclesia

versão On-line ISSN 2074-7705
versão impressa ISSN 1609-9982

Verbum Eccles. (Online) vol.31 no.1 Pretoria  2010

http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v31i1.423 

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

 

Dating the Priestly text in the pre-exilic period: Some remarks about anachronistic slips and other obstacles

 

 

Esias E. Meyer

Department of Old Testament Studies, University of Pretoria, South Africa

Correspondence

 

 


ABSTRACT

This article engages with the work of scholars such as Jacob Milgrom and Avi Hurvitz on dating the Priestly text (P) in the pre-exilic period. In response to Wellhausen's argument that P is guilty of archaising, Milgrom and Hurvitz have always maintained that there would be some 'anachronistic slips'. In this article the author points out a few examples from Leviticus which could be understood as 'anachronistic slips'. The author also shows the difficulties one encounters when attempting to interpret a text such as Leviticus 26 in the pre-exilic period.

Keywords: anachronistic slips; Holiness Code; Kaufmann School; Leviticus 26; Priestly Text


 

 

Full text available only in PDF format.

 

 

References

Blenkinsopp, J., 1992, The Pentateuch. An Introduction to the First Five Books of the Bible, Yale University Press, New Haven.         [ Links ]

Blenkinsopp, J., 1996, 'An Assessment of the Alleged Pre-Exilic Date of the Priestly Material in the Pentateuch',Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 108, 495-518.         [ Links ]

Cholewinski, A., 1976, Heiligkeitsgesetz und Deuteronomium. Eine vergleichende Studie [The holiness code and Deuteronomy.         [ Links ] A comparative study], Biblical Institute Press, Rome.

Collins, J.J., 2004, Introduction to the Hebrew Bible. With CD-Rom, Fortress Press, Minneapolis.         [ Links ]

Elliger, K., 1966, Leviticus, Mohr, Tübingen.         [ Links ]

Frevel, C., 2000, Mit Blick auf das Land die Schöpfung erinnern. Zum Ende der Priestergrundschrift [The land in order to remember creation.         [ Links ] With regard to the end of the Priestly source.], Herder, Freiburg.

Gerstenberger, E.S., 2005, Israel in der Perserzeit. 5. und 4. Jahrhundert v. Chr [Isreal in the Persian period.         [ Links ] 5 and 4 B.C.], Kohlhammer, Stuttgart.

Grünwaldt, K., 1999, Das Heiligkeitsgesetz Leviticus 17-26. Ursprüngliche Gestalt, Tradition und Theologie [The Holiness Code of Leviticus 17-26.         [ Links ] Original form, tradition and theology], Walter de Gruyter, Berlin.

Horst, L., 1881, Leviticus XVII-XXVI und Hezekiel. Ein Beitrag zur Pentateuchkritik [Leviticus XVII-XXVI and Ezekiel.         [ Links ] A contribution to the study of the Pentateuch], Eugen Barth, Colmar.

Hurvitz, A., 1971-1972, 'On the Priestly Term `edâ in the Bible', Tarbiz 40, 261-267. (Hebrew)        [ Links ]

Hurvitz, A., 1982, A Linguistic Study of the Relationship between the Priestly Source and the Book of Ezekiel. A New Approach to an Old Problem, J. Gabalda et Cie, Paris.         [ Links ]

Hurvitz, A., 2000, 'Once Again: The Linguistic Profile of the Priestly Material in the Pentateuch and its Historical Age. A Response to J. Blenkinsopp', Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 112, 180-191.         [ Links ]

Klosterman, A., 1893, Der Pentateuch. Beiträge zu seinem Verständnis und seiner Entstehungsgeschichte [The Pentateuch.         [ Links ] Contributions to its understanding and its history], Deichert, Leipzig.

Knohl, I., 1995, The Sanctuary of Silence, Fortress Press, Minneapolis.         [ Links ]

Krapf, T.M., 1992, Die Priesterschrift und die vorexilische Zeit. Yehezkel Kaufmanns vernachlässigter Beitrag zur Geschichte der biblischen Religion [The Priestly source and the pre-exilic Period.         [ Links ] Yehezkel Kaufmann's neglected contribution to the history of biblical religion], Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen.

Levine, B.A., 1989, The JPS Torah Commentary. Leviticus, Jewish Publication Society, New York.         [ Links ]

Levine, B.A., 2003, 'Leviticus: Its Literary History and Location in Biblical Literature' in R. Rendtorff & R.A. Kugler (eds.), The Book of Leviticus. Composition and Reception, pp. 11-23, Brill, Leiden.         [ Links ]

Meyer, E.E., 2005, The Jubilee in Leviticus 25: A Theological Ethical Interpretation from a South African Perspective, Lit Verlag, Münster.         [ Links ]

Milgrom, J., 1991, Leviticus 1-16. A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary, Doubleday, New York.         [ Links ]

Milgrom, J., 1999, 'The Antiquity of the Priestly Source: A Reply to Joseph Blenkinsopp', Zeitschrift für die Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 111, 10-22.         [ Links ]

Milgrom, J., 2000, Leviticus 17-22. A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary, Doubleday, New York.         [ Links ]

Milgrom, J., 2001, Leviticus 23-27. A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary, Doubleday, New York.         [ Links ]

Nicholson, E., 1998, The Pentateuch in the Twentieth Century. The Legacy of Julius Wellhausen. Oxford University Press, Oxford.         [ Links ]

Otto, E., 1999, 'Innerbiblische Exegese im Heiligkeitsgesetz Levitikus 17-26' [Inner Biblical exegesis in the Holiness Code of Leviticus 17-26], in H.-J. Fabry & H.-W. Jüngling (eds.), Levitikus als Buch, pp. 125-196, Philo, Bodenheim.

Ska, J-L., 2006, Introduction to Reading the Pentateuch, Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake.         [ Links ]

Smith-Christopher, D.L., 2002, A Biblical Theology of Exile. Fortress Press, Minneapolis.         [ Links ]

Sperling, S.D., 2003, 'Pants, Persians and the Priestly Source', in R. Chazan, W.W. Hallo & L.H. Schiffman (eds.), Ki Baruch Hu. Ancient Near Eastern, Biblical, and Judaic Studies in Honor of Baruch A. Levine, pp. 373-385, Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake.         [ Links ]

Steymans, H.U., 1999, `Verheißung und Drohung' [Promise and threat], in H.-J. Fabry & H.-W. Jüngling (eds.),Levitikus als Buch, pp. 263-307, Philo, Bodenheim.

Zenger, E., 2004a, 'Theorien über die Entstehung des Pentateuch im Wandel der Forschung' [Theories about the origin of the Pentateuch in the course of research], in E. Zenger (ed.), Einleitung in das Alte Testament. 5. Auflage, pp. 74-123, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart.

Zenger, E., 2004b, 'Das priester(schrift)liche Werk (P)' [The Priestly source], in E. Zenger (ed.), Einleitung in das Alte Testament. 5. Auflage, pp. 156-175, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart.

 

 

Correspondence:
Esias Meyer
Department of Old Testament Studies, University of Pretoria
Lynnwood Road
Pretoria 0002
South Africa
Email: sias.meyer@up.ac.za

Received: 27 July 2010
Accepted: 15 Oct. 2010
Published: 24 Nov. 2010

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