SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online

 
vol.22 número1 índice de autoresíndice de materiabúsqueda de artículos
Home Pagelista alfabética de revistas  

Servicios Personalizados

Articulo

Indicadores

Links relacionados

  • En proceso de indezaciónCitado por Google
  • En proceso de indezaciónSimilares en Google

Compartir


Old Testament Essays

versión On-line ISSN 2312-3621
versión impresa ISSN 1010-9919

Old testam. essays vol.22 no.1 Pretoria  2009

 

What is an A philosophical analysis of the concept of generic Godhood in the Hebrew Bible

 

 

J. W. Gericke

North-West University, Vanderbijlpark

Correspondence

 

 


ABSTRACT

In the Hebrew Bible words like אֱלהִים אֵל and אלוה are often encountered in the generic sense as a classification of the type of entity יהוה and other related beings were assumed to be. But what, according to the Hebrew Bible, was meant by calling something an אֵל? Is it possible to define the phenomenon of generic אֵל-hood? What were assumed to be necessary and/or sufficient conditions for being classified as a member of the אֱלהִים? What criteria were used to determine whether an entity should be called an אֵל or not? In this paper the author provides an introduction to the concept of generic אֵל -hood in the Hebrew Bible with reference to perplexing questions involved in its understanding, related research and the gaps therein and the need for philosophical (conceptual) analysis in future inquiries.


 

 

“Full text available only in PDF format”

 

 

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Albertz, R. A History of Israelite Religion in the Old Testament Period (2 volumes). London: SCM Press, 1992.         [ Links ]

Assman, J. "Primat und Transendenz: Struktur und Genese der Àgyptischen Vorstellung eines 'Hochsten Wesens.' Pages 117-136 inAspekten der spatagyptischen Religion. Edited by Westendorf, W. Wiesbaden: Brill, 1979.         [ Links ]

Barr, J. The concept of Biblical Theology: an Old Testament perspective. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1999.         [ Links ]

Bealer, G. "Intuition and the Autonomy of Philosophy." Pages 201-239 in Rethinking Intuition: The Psychology of Intuition and Its Role in Philosophical Inquiry. Edited by M. DePaul & W. Ramsey. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 1998.         [ Links ]

Block, N. & Stalnaker, R. Conceptual Analysis and the Explanatory Gap. Philosophical Review, 108/1(1999): 1-46.         [ Links ]

Brown, F., Driver, S.R. & Briggs, C. A. The New Brown-Driver Briggs Hebrew English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Peabody: Hendrickson, 1970.         [ Links ]

Carey, S. Conceptual Change in Childhood.. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press, 1985.         [ Links ]

_____ "Knowledge Acquisition: Enrichment or Conceptual Change." Pages 459-487 in Concepts: Core Readings. Edited by E. Margolis & S. Laurence. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.         [ Links ]

Chalmers, D. The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.         [ Links ]

Clines, D. J. A. "Yahweh and the God of Christian Theology". Theology 83(1980): 323-330.         [ Links ]

_____ Interested Parties: The ideology of Readers and Writers of the Hebrew Bible. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1995.         [ Links ]

Cupitt, D. After God: The future of religion.. London: Basic Books, 1997.         [ Links ]

DePaul, M. & Ramsey, W. Rethinking Intuition: The Psychology of Intuition and Its Role in Philosophical Inquiry. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 1998.         [ Links ]

Dunand, D. et al. Gods and Men in Egypt: 3000 BCE to 395 CE. Translated by David Lorton. New York: Cornell University Press, 2004        [ Links ]

Durrant, M. "The meaning of 'God'," in Religion and Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Syndicate, 1992, 71-84.         [ Links ]

Earl, D. The Big Book of Concepts. Cambridge: M.I.T. Press, 2002.         [ Links ]

Eichrodt, W. Theology of the Old Testament. Translated by J. A. Baker. 2 vols. Old Testament Library. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox, [1961], 1967.

Fodor, J. Concepts: Where Cognitive Science Went Wrong. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.         [ Links ]

Föhrer, G. A., ed. Hebrew and Aramaic Dictionary of the Old Testament. New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1973.         [ Links ]

_____ History of Israelite Religion. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972.         [ Links ]

Gericke, J. W. "What's a god? Preliminary thoughts on meta-theistic assumptions in Old Testament Yahwism(s)" Verbum et Ecclesiae 27/3(2006): 856-857.         [ Links ]

Gesenius, F. H. W. Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures. Translated by Samuel Prideaux Tregelles. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1954.         [ Links ]

Gottwald, N. K. The Tribes of Yahweh: A Sociology of the Religion of Liberated Israel, 1250-1050 BCE Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books, 1979.         [ Links ]

Hasel, G. F. 1985. Old Testament Theology: Basic Issues in the Current Debate (3rd ed.) Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.         [ Links ]

Haught, J. F. What is God? How to Think about the Divine. New York: Paulist Press, 1986.         [ Links ]

Hayes, J. H. & Prussner F. Old Testament Theology: Its History and Development. Atlanta: John Knox, 1985.         [ Links ]

Holladay, W. L. A. A Concise Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1971        [ Links ]

Jackson, F. From Metaphysics to Ethics: A Defense of Conceptual Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.         [ Links ]

Jacob, E. Theology of the Old Testament. Translated by Heathcote, A. W. &. Allcock, P. J. New York: Harper and Row, 1958.         [ Links ]

Jacobson, T. The treasures of darkness: a history of Mesopotamian religion. London: Oxford University Press, 1979.         [ Links ]

Kaiser, O. Der Gott des Alten Testaments. Theologie des AT, 1: Grundlegung. Göttingen:Vanderhoeck & Ruprecht, 1993.         [ Links ]

Keel, O. & Uehlinger, C. Gods, Goddesses and Images of God in Ancient Israel. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1998.         [ Links ]

Knierim, R. P. The task of Old Testament theology - method and cases. Cambridge: William B Eerdmans, 1995.         [ Links ]

Köhler, L. Old Testament Theology. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox, 1956.         [ Links ]

Köhler, L., Baumgartner, W. & Stamm, J .J. The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament: The New Koehler and Baumgartner in English. Translated by M. E. Richardson. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1993.         [ Links ]

Krueger, T. "Einheit und Vielfalt des Gottlichen nach dem Alten Testament." No pages. 1998. Online: http://www.theologie.uzh.ch/faecher/altes-testament/thomas-krueger/Krueger_1998_Einheit_und_Vielfalt.pdf, 1998.         [ Links ]

Laurence, S. & Margolis, E. "Concepts and Cognitive Science." Pages 3-81 in Concepts: Core Readings. Edited by E. Margolis & S. Laurence. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.         [ Links ]

Lloyd, A. B. & Burkert, W. What is a God?: Studies in the Nature of Greek Divinity. London: Duckworth/Classical Press ofWales, 1997.         [ Links ]

Ludwig, T. M. "Gods and goddesses". Pages 67-78 in Encyclopaedia of Religion (vol 6). Edited by Eliade, M. New York: Macmillan, 1987.         [ Links ]

Margolis, E. & Laurence, S. "Concepts." No pages in The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition). 2008. Edited by Edward N. Zalta. Online: http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/concepts/, 2008.         [ Links ]

Miles, J. God: A Biography. New York: Knopf, 1995.         [ Links ]

Miller, P. D. The Religion of Ancient Israel. Library of Ancient Israel. Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2000        [ Links ]

Morris, T. V. The concept of God.. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.         [ Links ]

Murphy, G. The Big Book of Concepts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002.         [ Links ]

Murphy, G. and Medin, D. "The Role of Theories in Conceptual Coherence." Pages 425-458 in Concepts: Core Readings. Edited by E. Margolis & S. Laurence. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.         [ Links ]

Oeming, M. Gesamtbiblischen Theologien der Gegenwart. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1985.         [ Links ]

Oesterley, W. O. E. & Robinson T. H. Hebrew Religion: Its Origin and Development. London: SPCK, 1952.         [ Links ]

Owen, H. P. Concepts of deity. New York: Macmillan, 1971.         [ Links ]

Panikkar, R. "Deity." Pages 274-276 in Encyclopaedia of Religion (vol 6). Edited by Eliade, M. New York: Macmillan, 1987.         [ Links ]

Peacocke, C. A Study of Concepts. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992.         [ Links ]

Preuss, H. D. Old Testament Theology. 2 vols. Old Testament Library. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox, 1996.         [ Links ]

Prinz, J. Furnishing the Mind: Concepts and Their Perceptual Basis. Cambridge, MA.: MIT Press, 2002.         [ Links ]

Pyysiäinen, I. "God: A brief history with a cognitive explanation of the concept." No pages. 2005 Online: http://www.talkreason.org/articles/god.pdf        [ Links ]

Ramsey, W. "Prototypes and Conceptual Analysis." Topoi 11(1992): 59-70.         [ Links ]

Reventlow, H. G. Problems of Old Testament Theology in the Twentieth Century. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1985.         [ Links ]

Ringgren, H. s.v. "IMAGEMAQUI" Pages 435-457 in Theologisches Wörterbuch zum Alten Testament (ThWAT) 10 Bde. Edited by Botterweck, G. J. & Ringgren, H. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1974.         [ Links ]

_____ Israelite Religion. Translated by David E. Green. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1966.         [ Links ]

Rowley, H. R. The Faith of Israel: Aspects of Old Testament Thought. London: SPCK, 1956.         [ Links ]

Rosch, E. "Principles of Categorization." Pages 27-48 in Cognition and Categorization. Edited by E. Rosch & B. Lloyd. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1978.         [ Links ]

Saggs, H. W. The encounter with the Divine in Mesopotamia and Israel. London: Athlone Press, 1978.         [ Links ]

Schmidt, W. H. s.v. "IMAGEMAQUI" Pages 331-347 in Theologisches Handwörterbuch zum Alten Testament (THAT), 2 Bde. Edited by Jenni, E. & Westermann, C. München: Chr. Kaiser Verlag, 1994/95.         [ Links ]

_____ The Faith of the Old Testament: A History. Translated by John Sturdy. Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1983.         [ Links ]

Smith, M. The origins of biblical monotheism: Israel's polytheistic background and the Ugaritic texts. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.         [ Links ]

Stendahl, K "Biblical Theology, Contemporary." Pages 418-32 in Interpereter's Dictionary of the Bible. Edited by G. A. Buttrick. 4 vols. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1962.         [ Links ]

Sullivan, L. E. "Supreme beings." Pages 166-181 in Encyclopaedia of Religion (vol 6). Edited by Eliade, M. New York: Macmillan, 1987.         [ Links ]

Van der Toorn, K et al, eds. Dictionary of deities and demons in the Bible. Leiden: Brill, 1999.         [ Links ]

_____ s.v. "God (1)" Pages 911-919 in Dictionary of deities and demons in the Bible. Edited by Van der Toorn, K et al. Leiden: Brill, 1999.         [ Links ]

Vawter, B. "The God of Hebrew Scriptures." Biblical Theology Bulletin: A Journal of Bible and Theology 12(1982): 3        [ Links ]

Ward, K Concepts of God. Oxford: Oneworld Publications, 1998.         [ Links ]

Weiskopf, D. A. "The plurality of concepts." Pages 1-57. 2008 Online: http://shell.cas.usfedu/~weiskopf/papers/conceptual-pluralism.pdf, 2008.         [ Links ]

 

 

Correspondence:
Jaco Gericke
Post-doctoral fellow, Faculty of Basic Sciences
Subject Group Theology
North-West University (Vaal Triangle Campus)
P.O. Box 1174, Vanderbijlpark, 1900
E-mail: 21609268@nwuac.za

Creative Commons License Todo el contenido de esta revista, excepto dónde está identificado, está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons