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South African Journal of Chemistry
versión On-line ISSN 1996-840X
versión impresa ISSN 0379-4350
S.Afr.j.chem. (Online) vol.64 Durban 2011
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Redox potentials of ligands and complexes - a DFT approach
Karel G. von Eschwege*; Jeanet Conradie*
Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
ABSTRACT
A review of the limited literature concerned with theoretical ways to predict experimentally measured redox potentials of ligands and complexes is presented. Electrochemical and related DFT studies involving series of para-substituted nitrobenzenes and β-diketone bidentate ligands are discussed. New studies involving ferrocenes and bimetallic complexes (containing both rhodium and iron) are additionally reported. Correlations of redox potentials with calculated descriptors; electron affinity (EA), group electronegativity (xR), electrophilicity index (ω), LUMO energy (ELUMO) and HOMO energy (EHOMO) - obtained from calculated electronic energies of neutral, anionic and cationic molecules, are compared. Observed E0,Epa or Epc gave excellent correlations in the linear relationships between Epc and ELUMO (R2 > 0.99), and Epa and EHOMO (R2 > 0.92). Close correlation with the HOMO-1 energy was also found with the ferrocene-based second oxidation in the Rh complex.
Keywords: Oxidation, reduction, predict, electron affinity, electrophilicity index, electronegativity, LUMO energy, HOMO energy
Full text available only in pdf format.
Acknowledgement
The National Research Foundation of South Africa and the Central Research Fund of the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, is gratefully acknowledged.
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Received 9 September 2011
Revised 18 October 2011
Accepted 4 November 2011
Submitted by invitation to celebrate 2011 the 'International Year of Chemistry'.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: veschwkg@ufs.ac.za; conradj@ufs.ac.za