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South African Journal of Chemistry
versión On-line ISSN 1996-840X
versión impresa ISSN 0379-4350
S.Afr.j.chem. (Online) vol.64 Durban 2011
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Solventless synthesis of quinoline derivatives: Acceleration of Friedländer reaction by supported heteropoly acids
Ezzat RafieeI, II, *; Fereshteh Khajooei NejadI; Mohammad JoshaghaniI, II
IFaculty of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, 67149, Iran
IIKermanshah Oil Refining Company, Kermanshah, Iran
ABSTRACT
Different Keggin type heteropoly acids (HPAs) and supported ones on solids with different nature and textural properties were used in the Friedländer reaction in order to obtain quinoline derivatives. This conversion has been preceded by tungstophosphoric acid supported on silica, KSF and activated carbon as optimized catalysts in high yields and short reaction times. The general applicability of this method is demonstrated by using various substrates including ketones, β-ketoesters and β-diketones. For most substrates the reaction worked well. These catalysts were found to be reusable and considerable catalytic activity could still be achieved after the fourth run.
Keywords: Friedländer reaction, quinoline derivatives, heteropoly compound, supported catalysts, solvent-free condition
Full text available only in pdf format.
Acknowledgements
We thank the Razi University Research Council and Kermanshah Oil Refining Company for support of this work.
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Received 25 October 2010
Revised 23 March 2011
Accepted 27 March 2011
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ezzat_rafiee@yahoo.com; e.rafiei@razi.ac.ir