Abstract

PRUSENTE, Sandile; KHUZWAYO, Nelisiwe  and  SIKWEYIYA, Yandisa. Exploring factors influencing integration of traditional and medical male circumcision methods at Ingquza Hill Local Municipality, Eastern Cape: A socio-ecological perspective. Afr. j. prim. health care fam. med. (Online) [online]. 2019, vol.11, n.1, pp.1-11. ISSN 2071-2936.  http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v11i1.1948.

BACKGROUND: Medical male circumcision (MMC) and traditional male circumcision (TMC) are reportedly having negative and positive outcomes in the Eastern Cape province. Researchers show contradictory remedies; some advocate for abolishment of TMC and others call for the integration of both methods AIM: This study aimed to explore factors influencing the integration of TMC and MMC at different socio-ecological levels SETTING: The study was conducted at Ingquza Hill Local Municipality in the Eastern Cape province METHODS: An explorative qualitative study design, using in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs), was employed in this study. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants. A framework analysis approach was used to analyse the data, and the themes were developed in line with the socio-ecological model RESULTS: Four main themes emerged from the data as important in influencing the integration of TMC and MMC methods. These incluided: (1) individual factors, related to circumcision age eligibility and post-circumcision behaviour; (2) microsystem factors, related to alcohol and drug abuse, peer pressure, abuse of initiates, and family influence; (3) exosystem factors, related to financial gains associated with circumcision and the role of community forums; and (4) macrosystem factors, related to stigma and discrimination, and male youth dominance in circumcision practices CONCLUSION: Male circumcision in this area is influenced by complex factors at multiple social levels. Interventions directed at all of these levels are urgently needed to facilitate integration of the TMC and MMC methods

Keywords : male circumcision; social acceptance; discrimination; health; culture.

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