Resumo

PERANOVIC, V  e  NOFFKE, CEE. Clinical and radiological features of 90 odontomas diagnosed in the Oral Health Centre at Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University. S. Afr. dent. j. [online]. 2016, vol.71, n.10, pp.489-492. ISSN 0375-1562.

This paper presents the variations in the clinical and radiological appearances of 90 odontomas diagnosed during routine radiographic examination in a population sample attending an African Dental Hospital. The majority occurred in males (1,4:1) and compound odontomas were more common than the complex type (3,2:1). The most frequent sites recorded were the anterior maxilla for the compound type and the posterior mandible for the complex type. The majority were associated with impacted permanent teeth (57.7%) followed by retention of deciduous teeth (16.6%), displacement of adjacent teeth (11.1%), expansion of the cortical plates (8.9%) and congenitally missing teeth (3.3%). More than 50% of the lesions presented with a radiolucent rim. Early removal is important in order to maintain the chronology of tooth development and to prevent extensive and costly intervention at a later stage. Odontomas are exclusive to the tooth bearing areas of the jaws and are the most common benign odontogenic tumours.¹ They develop from primordial odontogenic tissue. Due to their composition being a combination of odontogenic epithelium and odontogenic ectomesenchyme, odontomas are categorised in the mixed group in the 2005 World Health Organization classification of odontogenic tumours.² Two types are recognised. Complex odontomas are described as malformations in which the dental tissues are arranged more or less in a disorderly pattern with little or no resemblance to normal teeth on radiographs. The compound type presents with normal dental tissues arranged in an orderly pattern giving rise to multiple small tooth-like structures called odontoids or denticles.³ Histologically, enamel, dentin, cementum and sometimes pulp tissue are present and although the individual tissue types may appear normal, their micro anatomical arrangement is abnormal.⁴ Due to their limited growth potential, odontomas are not true neoplasms but rather are developmental dental malformations behaving similarly to hamartomas.¹ The aim of the present study was to analyse the clinical and radiographic features of odontomas diagnosed in an African population sample and to compare the findings with those of other studies.

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