Scielo RSS http://www.scielo.org.za/rss.php?pid=0011-851620150003&lang=pt vol. 70 num. 3 lang. pt http://www.scielo.org.za/img/en/fbpelogp.gif http://www.scielo.org.za http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300001&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300002&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300003&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300004&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300005&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300006&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300007&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300008&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt Occupational hazards in dentistry can result in injuries and reduced income if work -time is lost. Injuries include percutaneous insults, inhalation of noxious chemicals, hearing loss and musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). The prevalence of MSD among South African dentists is uncertain. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted to determine that prevalence and associated risk factors among dentists in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa. A convenience sample (n=350) of dentists registered with the South African Dental Association (SADA) were sent a questionnaire interrogating their medical and work history and their work-related posture. One hundred and nine (31%) responded. Almost all (99.1%) reported pain in the hands, neck, lower back and/or a shoulder, while 22.5% reported hand symptoms. Nearly three quarters (73.6%) rotated their necks during clinical work and 68.6% tilted a shoulder towards their dominant hand. A strong association (p value = 0) was found between the number of years in practice and work-related pain in the neck. The prevalence of MSD was very high when compared with international data. Self-recognition is most important in preventing occupational injuries. This study suggests the need to include ergonomic work practice during training to create awareness of the risk of MSD and to promote wellbeing. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300009&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt INTRODUCTION: Reusable dental bib chains are considered to carry a low risk for transmission of infection, and are therefore simply cleaned and disinfected between patients. There is a paucity of information in South Africa on the potential risk of cross infection. AIM: To investigate the extent of microbial contaminants present on such bib chains, after their use on patients having dental treatment and again after they had been disinfected. METHODS: Tests were conducted on forty-four reusable metal bib chains with attached clips which had been used in patient treatment at the Wits Oral Health Centre. The bacterial contaminants remaining on used, and then later disinfected, bib chains were assessed. Microorganisms were identified using conventional microbiological methods. Data were analyzed using STATA 11 software. RESULTS: A high number (84.1%) of the used bib chains harbored microbial contaminants after dental treatment. Thirty-four percent of the bib chains still carried microbial contaminants after disinfection. Enteric, environmental and skin bacteria were observed. CONCLUSION: The used bib chains in this study carried potentially infectious microorganisms. The disinfection. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300010&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt INTRODUCTION: Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) is a plant-derived spice that has been traditionally used as a natural medicine for the treatment for various ailments including dental diseases. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To present a comprehensive report on the properties of clove based on an analysis of contemporary scientific and professional literature in order to explore the prospects for its application in the treatment of plaque-induced periodontal diseases. METHODS: An online search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using a combination of key words which included clove buds, clove essential oil, eugenol, Eugenia caryophyllata, spices, medicinal plant, chemical composition, biological effect, therapeutic use, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anaesthetic, periodontal, dental, and periodontitis. RESULTS: In vitro studies have shown Syzygium aromati-cum to have bacteriostatic, bactericidal, anti-viral, anti-mycotic, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anaesthetic and analgesic properties. Clove oil has a specific anti- inflammatory property as it inhibits the cyclo-oxygenase-2 and lipo-oxygenase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Clove and its derivatives have a definite potential to be used as specific anti-plaque and anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of periodontal disease. Future research should concentrate on designing new formulations based on clove derivatives in the form of local drug delivery system or topical agents for the treatment of periodontal diseases. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300011&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt INTRODUCTION: Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) is a plant-derived spice that has been traditionally used as a natural medicine for the treatment for various ailments including dental diseases. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To present a comprehensive report on the properties of clove based on an analysis of contemporary scientific and professional literature in order to explore the prospects for its application in the treatment of plaque-induced periodontal diseases. METHODS: An online search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using a combination of key words which included clove buds, clove essential oil, eugenol, Eugenia caryophyllata, spices, medicinal plant, chemical composition, biological effect, therapeutic use, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anaesthetic, periodontal, dental, and periodontitis. RESULTS: In vitro studies have shown Syzygium aromati-cum to have bacteriostatic, bactericidal, anti-viral, anti-mycotic, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anaesthetic and analgesic properties. Clove oil has a specific anti- inflammatory property as it inhibits the cyclo-oxygenase-2 and lipo-oxygenase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Clove and its derivatives have a definite potential to be used as specific anti-plaque and anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of periodontal disease. Future research should concentrate on designing new formulations based on clove derivatives in the form of local drug delivery system or topical agents for the treatment of periodontal diseases. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300012&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt INTRODUCTION: Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) is a plant-derived spice that has been traditionally used as a natural medicine for the treatment for various ailments including dental diseases. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To present a comprehensive report on the properties of clove based on an analysis of contemporary scientific and professional literature in order to explore the prospects for its application in the treatment of plaque-induced periodontal diseases. METHODS: An online search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using a combination of key words which included clove buds, clove essential oil, eugenol, Eugenia caryophyllata, spices, medicinal plant, chemical composition, biological effect, therapeutic use, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anaesthetic, periodontal, dental, and periodontitis. RESULTS: In vitro studies have shown Syzygium aromati-cum to have bacteriostatic, bactericidal, anti-viral, anti-mycotic, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anaesthetic and analgesic properties. Clove oil has a specific anti- inflammatory property as it inhibits the cyclo-oxygenase-2 and lipo-oxygenase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Clove and its derivatives have a definite potential to be used as specific anti-plaque and anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of periodontal disease. Future research should concentrate on designing new formulations based on clove derivatives in the form of local drug delivery system or topical agents for the treatment of periodontal diseases. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300013&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt INTRODUCTION: Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) is a plant-derived spice that has been traditionally used as a natural medicine for the treatment for various ailments including dental diseases. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To present a comprehensive report on the properties of clove based on an analysis of contemporary scientific and professional literature in order to explore the prospects for its application in the treatment of plaque-induced periodontal diseases. METHODS: An online search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using a combination of key words which included clove buds, clove essential oil, eugenol, Eugenia caryophyllata, spices, medicinal plant, chemical composition, biological effect, therapeutic use, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anaesthetic, periodontal, dental, and periodontitis. RESULTS: In vitro studies have shown Syzygium aromati-cum to have bacteriostatic, bactericidal, anti-viral, anti-mycotic, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anaesthetic and analgesic properties. Clove oil has a specific anti- inflammatory property as it inhibits the cyclo-oxygenase-2 and lipo-oxygenase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Clove and its derivatives have a definite potential to be used as specific anti-plaque and anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of periodontal disease. Future research should concentrate on designing new formulations based on clove derivatives in the form of local drug delivery system or topical agents for the treatment of periodontal diseases. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300014&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt INTRODUCTION: Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) is a plant-derived spice that has been traditionally used as a natural medicine for the treatment for various ailments including dental diseases. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To present a comprehensive report on the properties of clove based on an analysis of contemporary scientific and professional literature in order to explore the prospects for its application in the treatment of plaque-induced periodontal diseases. METHODS: An online search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using a combination of key words which included clove buds, clove essential oil, eugenol, Eugenia caryophyllata, spices, medicinal plant, chemical composition, biological effect, therapeutic use, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anaesthetic, periodontal, dental, and periodontitis. RESULTS: In vitro studies have shown Syzygium aromati-cum to have bacteriostatic, bactericidal, anti-viral, anti-mycotic, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anaesthetic and analgesic properties. Clove oil has a specific anti- inflammatory property as it inhibits the cyclo-oxygenase-2 and lipo-oxygenase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Clove and its derivatives have a definite potential to be used as specific anti-plaque and anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of periodontal disease. Future research should concentrate on designing new formulations based on clove derivatives in the form of local drug delivery system or topical agents for the treatment of periodontal diseases. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300015&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt INTRODUCTION: Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) is a plant-derived spice that has been traditionally used as a natural medicine for the treatment for various ailments including dental diseases. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To present a comprehensive report on the properties of clove based on an analysis of contemporary scientific and professional literature in order to explore the prospects for its application in the treatment of plaque-induced periodontal diseases. METHODS: An online search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using a combination of key words which included clove buds, clove essential oil, eugenol, Eugenia caryophyllata, spices, medicinal plant, chemical composition, biological effect, therapeutic use, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anaesthetic, periodontal, dental, and periodontitis. RESULTS: In vitro studies have shown Syzygium aromati-cum to have bacteriostatic, bactericidal, anti-viral, anti-mycotic, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anaesthetic and analgesic properties. Clove oil has a specific anti- inflammatory property as it inhibits the cyclo-oxygenase-2 and lipo-oxygenase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Clove and its derivatives have a definite potential to be used as specific anti-plaque and anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of periodontal disease. Future research should concentrate on designing new formulations based on clove derivatives in the form of local drug delivery system or topical agents for the treatment of periodontal diseases. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0011-85162015000300016&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt INTRODUCTION: Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) is a plant-derived spice that has been traditionally used as a natural medicine for the treatment for various ailments including dental diseases. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To present a comprehensive report on the properties of clove based on an analysis of contemporary scientific and professional literature in order to explore the prospects for its application in the treatment of plaque-induced periodontal diseases. METHODS: An online search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using a combination of key words which included clove buds, clove essential oil, eugenol, Eugenia caryophyllata, spices, medicinal plant, chemical composition, biological effect, therapeutic use, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anaesthetic, periodontal, dental, and periodontitis. RESULTS: In vitro studies have shown Syzygium aromati-cum to have bacteriostatic, bactericidal, anti-viral, anti-mycotic, anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anaesthetic and analgesic properties. Clove oil has a specific anti- inflammatory property as it inhibits the cyclo-oxygenase-2 and lipo-oxygenase enzymes. CONCLUSION: Clove and its derivatives have a definite potential to be used as specific anti-plaque and anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of periodontal disease. Future research should concentrate on designing new formulations based on clove derivatives in the form of local drug delivery system or topical agents for the treatment of periodontal diseases.